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A “Smart” Hollandite DeNOx Catalyst: Self-Protection against Alkali Poisoning

Banish the villains to their own realm: Biomass has gained widespread attention as a renewable energy source. However, commercial catalysts used in power plants (co-)fuelled by biomass are deactivated by the alkali-rich flue gas. 25-01-2013Keywords: alkali metals; biomass; catalytically active sites; heterogeneous catalysis; manganese oxideBanish the villains to their own realm: Biomass has gained widespread attention as a renewable energysource. However, commercial catalysts used in power plants (co-)fuelled by biomass are deactivated by thealkali-rich flue gas (see graph, black line). In contrast, one of two types of active sites in a promising alkali-resistant hollandite catalyst traps alkali-metal ions to free up ...

01 25 , 2013
Structural Insight into the Type-II Mitochondrial NADH Dehydrogenases

The single-component type-IINADHdehydrogenases (NDH-2s) serveas alternatives to the multisubunit respiratory complex I (type-INADH dehydrogenase (NDH-1), also called NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase;EC 1.6.5.3) in catalysing electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone in themitochondrial respiratory chain. 26-10-2012The single-component type-IINADH dehydrogenases (NDH-2s) serveas alternatives to the multisubunit respiratory complex I (type-INADH dehydrogenase (NDH-1), also called NADH:ubiquinoneoxidoreductase;EC 1.6.5.3) in catalysing electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The east NDH-2(Ndi1) oxidizes NADH on the matrix side and reduces ubiquinone tomaintain mitochondrial NADH/NAD1 homeostasis. Ndi1 is a potential therapeutic agent for human diseases ...

10 26 , 2012
Crystal Structure of a Bacterial Homologue of Glucose Transporters GLUT1–4

Glucose transporters are essential for metabolism of glucose in cells of diverse organisms from microbes to humans, exemplified by the disease-related human proteins GLUT1, 2, 3 and 4. Despite rigorous efforts, the structural information for GLUT1–4 or their homologues remains largely unknown. 26-10-2012Glucose transporters are essential for metabolism of glucose in cells of diverse organisms from microbes to humans,exemplified by the disease-related human proteins GLUT1, 2, 3 and 4. Despite rigorous efforts, the structuralinformation for GLUT1–4 or their homologues remains largely unknown. Nieng Yan group of Tsinghua Universityreported three related crystal structures of XylE, an Escherichia coli homologue of GLUT1–4, in complex withD-xylose, D-glucose and 6-bromo-6-deoxy-D...

10 26 , 2012
Chitin-Induced Dimerization Activates a Plant Immune Receptor

Pattern recognition receptors confer plant resistance to pathogen infection by recognizing the conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The cell surface receptor chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 of Arabidopsis (AtCERK1) directly binds chitin through its lysine motif (LysM)–containing ectodomain (AtCERK1-ECD) to activate immune responses. 29-06-2012Pattern recognition receptors confer plant resistance to pathogen infection by recognizing the conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The cell surface receptor chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 of Arabidopsis (AtCERK1)directly binds chitin through its lysine motif (LysM)–containing ectodomain (AtCERK1-ECD) to activate immuneresponses. The crystal structure that we solved of an AtCERK1-ECD complexed with a chitin pentamer reveals thattheir interaction is primarily mediate...

06 29 , 2012
Research on the Production Process of Chinese Early Brass

There are two main viewpoints on the origin of metallurgy in China: exotic and indigenous. Under the guidance of Prof. Changsui Wang, Dr. Xiaopan Fan of GUCAS proved the brass unearthed at Jiangzhai site(4700-400BC,the earliest copper-based alloy excavated to date in China) was produced by a solid-state reduction process through a series of simulating experiments and analysis of μ-X-ray fluorescence at SSRF. 04-06-2012There are two main viewpoints on the origin of metallurgy in China: exotic and indigenous. Under the guidance ofProf. Changsui Wang, Dr. Xiaopan Fan of GUCAS proved the brass unearthed at Jiangzhai site(4700-400BC,the earliest copper-based alloy excavated to date in China) was produced by a solid-state reduction processthrough a series of simulating experiments and analysis of µ-X-ray fluorescence at SSRF. It is interesting that thedate of the earliest copper alloy found in China s...

06 04 , 2012
Structure and Mechanism of a Gutamate–GABA Antiporter

Enterohemmorhagic E. coli, which cause 2011 European hemorrhagic colitis outbreak, require elaborate acidresistance systems (ARs) to survive the extremely acidic environment such as the stomach (pH<2). 11-03-2012Enterohemmorhagic E. coli, which cause 2011 European hemorrhagic colitis outbreak, require elaborate acidresistance systems (ARs) to survive the extremely acidic environment such as the stomach (pH<2). AR2 expels intracellular protons through the decarboxylation of L-glutamate (Glu) in the cytoplasm and exchange of the reaction product c-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with extracellular Glu. The latter process is mediated by the Glu–GABA antiporter GadC. Using X-ray diffraction data from...

03 11 , 2012

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